NVIDIA started GeForce RTX 4090 sales 20 September 2022 at a recommended price of $1,599 . This is a high-end Ada Lovelace architecture desktop card based on 5 nm manufacturing process and primarily aimed at gamers. 24 GB of GDDR6X memory clocked at 1.31 GHz are supplied, and together with 384 Bit memory interface this creates a bandwidth of 1.01 TB/s.

Compatibility-wise, this is a triple-slot graphics card attached via PCIe 4.0 x16 interface. Its manufacturer default version has a length of 304 mm. 1x 16-pin power connector is required, and power consumption is at 450 Watt.

Primary details

Some basic facts about GeForce RTX 4090: architecture, market segment, release date etc.

Place in the ranking	3
Place by popularity	8
Cost-effectiveness evaluation	18.87
Power efficiency	15.24	of 100.00 (Radeon 890M)
Architecture	Ada Lovelace (2022−2024)
GPU code name	AD102
Market segment	Desktop
Release date	20 September 2022 (2 years ago)
Launch price (MSRP)	$1,599	of 14,999 (Quadro Plex 7000)

Cost-effectiveness evaluation

The higher the performance-to-price ratio, the better. We use the manufacturer's recommended prices for comparison.

Detailed specifications

GeForce RTX 4090's specs such as number of shaders, GPU base clock, manufacturing process, texturing and calculation speed. These parameters indirectly speak of GeForce RTX 4090's performance, but for precise assessment you have to consider its benchmark and gaming test results.

Pipelines / CUDA cores	16384	of 21760 (GeForce RTX 5090 D)
Core clock speed	2235 MHz	of 2670 MHz (Arc B580)
Boost clock speed	2520 MHz	of 3599 MHz (Radeon RX 7990 XTX)
Number of transistors	76,300 million	of 208,000 million (B200 SXM 192 GB)
Manufacturing process technology	5 nm	of 3 nm (Arc Graphics 140V)
Power consumption (TDP)	450 Watt	of 2400 Watt (Data Center GPU Max Subsystem)
Texture fill rate	1,290	of 2,554 (Radeon Instinct MI300X)
Floating-point processing power	82.58 TFLOPS	of 104.8 (GeForce RTX 5090 D)
ROPs	176	of 512 (Moore Threads MTT S4000)
TMUs	512	of 1280 (Data Center GPU Max NEXT)
Tensor Cores	512	of 1216 (Radeon Instinct MI300X)
Ray Tracing Cores	128	of 170 (GeForce RTX 5090 D)

Form factor & compatibility

This section provides details about the physical dimensions of GeForce RTX 4090 and its compatibility with other computer components. This information is useful when selecting a computer configuration or upgrading an existing one. For desktop graphics cards, it includes details about the interface and bus (for motherboard compatibility) and additional power connectors (for power supply compatibility).

Interface	PCIe 4.0 x16
Length	304 mm
Width	3-slot
Supplementary power connectors	1x 16-pin

VRAM capacity and type

Parameters of memory installed on GeForce RTX 4090: its type, size, bus, clock and resulting bandwidth. Note that GPUs integrated into processors have no dedicated memory and use a shared part of system RAM instead.

Memory type	GDDR6X
Maximum RAM amount	24 GB	of 288 GB (Radeon Instinct MI325X)
Memory bus width	384 Bit	of 8192 Bit (Radeon Instinct MI250X)
Memory clock speed	1313 MHz	of 20000 (RTX 5000 Ada Generation Mobile)
Memory bandwidth	1.01 TB/s	of 5,171 GB/s (Radeon Instinct MI300X)
Shared memory	-
Resizable BAR	+

Connectivity and outputs

Types and number of video connectors present on GeForce RTX 4090. As a rule, this section is relevant only for desktop reference graphics cards, since for notebook ones the availability of certain video outputs depends on the laptop model, while non-reference desktop models can (though not necessarily will) bear a different set of video ports.

Display Connectors	1x HDMI 2.1, 3x DisplayPort 1.4a
HDMI	+

API and SDK compatibility

APIs supported by GeForce RTX 4090, sometimes including their particular versions.

DirectX	12 Ultimate (12_2)
Shader Model	6.8
OpenGL	4.6
OpenCL	3.0
Vulkan	1.3
CUDA	8.9
DLSS	+

Benchmark performance

Synthetic benchmark performance of GeForce RTX 4090. The combined score is measured on a 0-100 point scale.

Combined synthetic benchmark score

This is our combined benchmark score.

RTX 4090 85.94

Passmark

This is the most ubiquitous GPU benchmark. It gives the graphics card a thorough evaluation under various types of load, providing four separate benchmarks for Direct3D versions 9, 10, 11 and 12 (the last being done in 4K resolution if possible), and few more tests engaging DirectCompute capabilities.

RTX 4090 38430

3DMark 11 Performance GPU

3DMark 11 is an obsolete DirectX 11 benchmark by Futuremark. It used four tests based on two scenes, one being few submarines exploring the submerged wreck of a sunken ship, the other is an abandoned temple deep in the jungle. All the tests are heavy with volumetric lighting and tessellation, and despite being done in 1280x720 resolution, are relatively taxing. Discontinued in January 2020, 3DMark 11 is now superseded by Time Spy.

RTX 4090 104598

3DMark Vantage Performance

3DMark Vantage is an outdated DirectX 10 benchmark using 1280x1024 screen resolution. It taxes the graphics card with two scenes, one depicting a girl escaping some militarized base located within a sea cave, the other displaying a space fleet attack on a defenseless planet. It was discontinued in April 2017, and Time Spy benchmark is now recommended to be used instead.

RTX 4090 137609

3DMark Fire Strike Graphics

Fire Strike is a DirectX 11 benchmark for gaming PCs. It features two separate tests displaying a fight between a humanoid and a fiery creature made of lava. Using 1920x1080 resolution, Fire Strike shows off some realistic graphics and is quite taxing on hardware.

RTX 4090 73447

3DMark Cloud Gate GPU

Cloud Gate is an outdated DirectX 11 feature level 10 benchmark that was used for home PCs and basic notebooks. It displays a few scenes of some weird space teleportation device launching spaceships into unknown, using fixed resolution of 1280x720. Just like Ice Storm benchmark, it has been discontinued in January 2020 and replaced by 3DMark Night Raid.

RTX 4090 260357

3DMark Ice Storm GPU

Ice Storm Graphics is an obsolete benchmark, part of 3DMark suite. Ice Storm was used to measure entry level laptops and Windows-based tablets performance. It utilizes DirectX 11 feature level 9 to display a battle between two space fleets near a frozen planet in 1280x720 resolution. Discontinued in January 2020, it is now superseded by 3DMark Night Raid.

RTX 4090 771257

SPECviewperf 12 - specvp12 maya-04

RTX 4090 310

SPECviewperf 12 - specvp12 sw-03

RTX 4090 127

SPECviewperf 12 - specvp12 snx-02

RTX 4090 28

SPECviewperf 12 - specvp12 catia-04

RTX 4090 265

SPECviewperf 12 - specvp12 creo-01

RTX 4090 120

SPECviewperf 12 - specvp12 medical-01

RTX 4090 268

SPECviewperf 12 - specvp12 showcase-01

RTX 4090 437

SPECviewperf 12 - specvp12 energy-01

RTX 4090 84

SPECviewperf 12 - specvp12 3dsmax-05

RTX 4090 550

Gaming performance

Let's see how good GeForce RTX 4090 is for gaming. Particular gaming benchmark results are measured in frames per second. Comparisons with game system requirements are included, but remember that sometimes official requirements may reflect reality inaccurately.

Average FPS across all PC games

Here are the average frames per second in a large set of popular modern games across different resolutions:

Full HD	256
1440p	195
4K	141

Cost per frame, $

1080p	6.25
1440p	8.20
4K	11.34

FPS performance in popular games

Full HD
Low Preset

Atomic Heart	324
Counter-Strike 2	351
Cyberpunk 2077	227

Full HD
Medium Preset

Atomic Heart	265
Battlefield 5	190−200
Counter-Strike 2	340
Cyberpunk 2077	224
Far Cry 5	209
Fortnite	300−350
Forza Horizon 4	300−350
Forza Horizon 5	281
PLAYERUNKNOWN'S BATTLEGROUNDS	170−180
Valorant	650−700

Full HD
High Preset

Atomic Heart	234
Battlefield 5	190−200
Counter-Strike 2	340
Counter-Strike: Global Offensive	270−280
Cyberpunk 2077	215
Dota 2	253
Far Cry 5	201
Fortnite	300−350
Forza Horizon 4	300−350
Forza Horizon 5	275
Grand Theft Auto V	174
Metro Exodus	229
PLAYERUNKNOWN'S BATTLEGROUNDS	170−180
The Witcher 3: Wild Hunt	579
Valorant	650−700

Full HD
Ultra Preset

Battlefield 5	190−200
Cyberpunk 2077	211
Dota 2	224
Far Cry 5	187
Forza Horizon 4	300−350
PLAYERUNKNOWN'S BATTLEGROUNDS	170−180
The Witcher 3: Wild Hunt	304
Valorant	680

Full HD
Epic Preset

Fortnite

300−350

1440p
High Preset

Counter-Strike 2	312
Counter-Strike: Global Offensive	500−550
Grand Theft Auto V	162
Metro Exodus	180
PLAYERUNKNOWN'S BATTLEGROUNDS	170−180
Valorant	450−500

1440p
Ultra Preset

Battlefield 5	190−200
Cyberpunk 2077	159
Far Cry 5	187
Forza Horizon 4	300−350
The Witcher 3: Wild Hunt	259

1440p
Epic Preset

Fortnite

150−160

4K
High Preset

Atomic Heart	102
Counter-Strike 2	166
Grand Theft Auto V	187
Metro Exodus	137
The Witcher 3: Wild Hunt	280
Valorant	300−350

4K
Ultra Preset

Battlefield 5	130−140
Counter-Strike 2	150−160
Cyberpunk 2077	81
Dota 2	227
Far Cry 5	170
Forza Horizon 4	300−350
PLAYERUNKNOWN'S BATTLEGROUNDS	95−100

4K
Epic Preset

Fortnite

75−80

Closest competitors

GeForce RTX 4090's performance relative to its closest rivals among desktop graphics cards.

GeForce RTX 5090 D 116.36

GeForce RTX 5090 101.99

GeForce RTX 4090 100

GeForce RTX 5080 94.18

GeForce RTX 4080 89.91

GeForce RTX 4080 SUPER 89.27

GeForce RTX 5070 83.49

AMD equivalent

According to our data, the closest AMD alternative to GeForce RTX 4090 is Radeon RX 7900 XTX, which is slower by 19% and lower by 8 positions in our ranking.